Sunday, 3 May 2020

Srimad BhagavadGita Chapter - 13

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अथ त्रयोदशो[1]ऽध्यायः
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञविभागयोगः
Chapter 13
Kṣetra-kṣetrajña-vibhāga-yogaḥ 
 Topic of the known and the knower

(Six questions by Arjuna)
अर्जुन उवाच
प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव क्षेत्रं क्षेत्रज्ञमेव च
एतद्वेदितुमिच्छामि ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं च केशव
arjuna uvāca
prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva[2] kṣetraṃ kṣetrajñam-eva ca |
etad[3] veditum-icchāmi jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ ca keśava![4]
||

keśava! etat i) prakṛtiṃ ii) ca puruṣam eva, iii) kṣetraṃ iv) ca kṣetrajñam[5] eva,
v) jñānaṃ vi) ca jñeyamṃ[6], veditum[7] icchāmi |

Arjuna said:
I wish (icchāmi) to know (veditum) this (etat) O Keśava (keśava!)! Prakṛti (prakṛtim) and (ca) indeed (eva) Puruṣa (puruṣam); the field (kṣetram) and (ca) indeed (eva) the knower of the field (kṣetrajñam); the means of knowledge (jñānam - values) and (ca) what is to be known (jñeyam).

(Answers to 3rd and 4th questions)
श्रीभगवानुवाच।
इदं शरीरं कौन्तेय क्षेत्रमित्यभिधीयते
एतद्यो वेत्ति तं प्राहुः क्षेत्रज्ञ इति तद्विदः॥१३.१॥
śrībhagavān uvāca
idaṃ[8] [9]śarīraṃ kaunteya! kṣetram-ityabhidhīyate |
etad[10] yo[11] vetti taṃ prāhuḥ kṣetrajña iti tadvidaḥ
||13.1||

kaunteya! idaṃ śarīraṃ[12]kṣetram iti abhi-dhīyate | etat yaḥ vetti, taṃ kṣetrajñaḥ[13] iti tadvidaḥ prāhuḥ |

Śrī Bhagavān said:
O Son of Kunti (kaunteya!)! iii) This (idam) body (śarīram) is called the ‘field’ (kṣetram). iv) The one (yaḥ) who knows (vetti) this (etat), he (tam) is ‘the ‘knower of the field’ (kṣetrajñaḥ); thus (iti) say (prāhuḥ) those who know that (tad-vidaḥ). ||13.1||

(Answer to 5th question)
क्षेत्रज्ञं चापि मां विद्धि सर्वक्षेत्रेषु भारत
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोर्ज्ञानं यत्तज्ज्ञानं मतं मम ॥१३. २॥
kṣetrajñaṃ cāpi māṃ viddhi sarvakṣetreṣu bhārata! |
kṣetrakṣetrajñayor-jñānaṃ yat taj[14]-jñānaṃ mataṃ mama
||13.2||

bhārata! sarva-kṣetreṣu kṣetrajñaṃ[15] mām[16] api viddhi[17] | ca kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ yat jñānaṃ, tat[18] jñānaṃ (iti) mama[19] matam |

O, Descendent of Bharata (bhārata!)! May you know (viddhi) Me (mām) alone (api) as the knower of the body (kṣetrajñam) in all the bodies (sarva-kṣetreṣu). That (tat) knowledge (jñānam), which (yat) is of the body and of the knower of the body (kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ), is (truly) the knowledge (jñānam) in My (mama) vision (matam). ||13.2||

तत्क्षेत्रं यच्च यादृक्च यद्विकारि यतश्च यत्‌
स च यो यत्प्रभावश्च तत्समासेन मे शृणु ॥१३.३॥
tat kṣetraṃ yac[20]-ca yādṛk-ca yadvikāri yataś[21]-ca yat |
sa ca yo[22] yat-prabhāvaś[23]-ca tat samāsena me śṛṇu
||13.3||

tat[24] kṣetraṃ, yat ca yādṛk, ca yad-vikāri, ca yataḥ yat, saḥ ca yaḥ, yat prabhāvaḥ ca, tat[25] samāsena me śṛṇu |

What is that (tat) kṣetra (kṣetram),
and (ca) is of what (yat) nature (yādṛk),
and (ca) what are its modifications (yad-vikāri),
and (ca) from what (yataḥ) which (yat) has come,
and (ca) who (yaḥ) is the kṣetrajña (saḥ),
and (ca) what (yat) is (his) glory (prabhāvaḥ),
(for) that (tat),
listen (śṛṇu) to Me (me) in brief (samāsena). ||13.3||     

ऋषिभिर्बहुधा गीतं छन्दोभिर्विविधैः पृथक्‌
ब्रह्मसूत्रपदैश्चैव हेतुमद्भिर्विनिश्चितैः॥१३.४॥
ṛṣibhir-bahudhā gītaṃ chandobhir-vividhaiḥ pṛthak |
brahmasūtrapadaiś[26]-caiva hetumadbhir-viniścitaiḥ
||13.4||

ṛṣibhiḥ bahudhā gītaṃ[27], vividhaiḥ chandobhiḥ[28] (gītam), ca pṛthak | vi-niścitaiḥ hetumadbhiḥ brahmasūtra-padaiḥ[29] eva (gītaṃ) |

It is sung (gītam) in many ways (bahudhā) by the ṛṣis (ṛṣibhiḥ) through the varied (vividhaiḥ) and distinct (pṛthak) Vedic/Vedantic sentences (chandobhiḥ). And (ca) it is indeed (eva) explained by the sentences of the Veda, which reveal Brahman (brahmasūtra-padaiḥ), without doubt (vi-niścitaiḥ), by implication, and with reasoning (hetumadbhiḥ). ||13.4||

(Ans 3 continues - Svarūpa of the Kṣetra)
महाभूतान्यहंकारो बुद्धिरव्यक्तमेव च
इन्द्रियाणि दशैकं च पञ्च चेन्द्रियगोचराः॥१३. ५॥
इच्छा द्वेषः सुखं दुःखं संघातश्चेतना धृतिः।
एतत्क्षेत्रं समासेन सविकारमुदाहृतम्‌ ॥१३. ६॥
mahābhūtānyahaṅkāro[30] buddhir-avyaktam-eva ca |
indriyāṇi daśaikaṃ ca pañca cendriyagocarāḥ
||13.5||

icchā dveṣaḥ sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ saṅghātaś[31]-cetanā dhṛtiḥ |
etat kṣetraṃ samāsena savikāram-udāhṛtam
||13.6||

mahābhūtāni, ahaṅkāraḥ, buddhiḥ ca, avyaktam[32]eva, ca daśa indriyāṇi, ekaṃ ca, pañca indriya-gocarāḥ.....

(Vikāra (modifications) of the Kṣetra)
.....icchā, dveṣaḥ[33], sukhaṃ, duḥkhaṃ, saṅghātaḥ, cetanā[34], dhṛtiḥ, sa-vikāram etat kṣetraṃ samāsena udāhṛtam |

The (five) great elements (mahābhūtāni), the Hiraṇyagarbha (ahaṅkārah), the collective intelligence (buddhiḥ), the unmanifest cause (avyaktam/Mūla Prakti/Māyā) indeed (eva), and (ca) the ten (daśa) senses organs (indriyāṇi), and (ca) the one (ekam) mind, the five (pañca) objects of the senses (indriya-gocarāḥ)..... ||13.5||

.....desire (icchā), aversion (dveṣaḥ), pleasure (sukham), pain (duḥkham), the body-mind-sense complex (saṅghātaḥ), intelligence/cognition (cetanā), fortitude (dhṛtiḥ) - this (etat) is the field (kṣetram), which is described (udāhṛtam) briefly (samāsena) along with its modifications (sa-vikāram). ||13.6||

(Ans to 5th Q – Jñānam)
{7th-11th Values (Jñānam) required to know the to be known (Jñeyaṃ)[35]}
अमानित्वमदम्भित्वमहिंसा क्षान्तिरार्जवम्‌
आचार्योपासनं शौचं स्थैर्यमात्मविनिग्रहः॥१३. ७॥
amānitvam-adambhitvam-ahiṃsā kṣāntir-ārjavam |
ācāryopāsanaṃ śaucaṃ sthairyam-ātmavinigrahaḥ
||13.7||

amānitvam[36], adambhitvam[37], ahiṃsā, kṣāntiḥ, ārjavam, ācāryopāsanaṃ, śaucaṃ, sthairyam, ātma-vinigrahaḥ....

Humility/Absence of arrogance (amānitvam), unpretentiousness/absence of conceit (adambhitvam), not hurting/non-injury (ahiṃsā), accommodation/ forbearance (kṣāntiḥ), straightforwardness (ārjavam), service to the teacher (ācāryopāsanam), cleanliness/purity (external, internal, and religious) (śaucam), steadfastness (sthairyam), mastery over one's self (ātmavinigrahaḥ )… ||13.7||

इन्द्रियार्थेषु वैराग्यमनहंकार एव च
जन्ममृत्युजराव्याधिदुःखदोषानुदर्शनम्‌ ॥१३. ८॥
indriyārtheṣu vairāgyam-anahaṅkāra eva ca |
janmamṛtyujarāvyādhi-duḥkhadoṣānudarśanam
||13.8||

indriyārtheṣu vairāgyaṃ, ca anahaṅkāraḥ[38],  janma-mṛtyu-jarāvyādhi-duḥkha-doṣānudarśanam eva...

…dispassion (vairāgyam) with reference to sense-objects (indriyārtheṣu), and (ca) absence of pride (anahaṅkāra), indeed (eva) seeing clearly (ānu-darśanam) the pain (duḥkha) and defects (doṣa) in birth, death, old-age, disease (janma-mṛtyu-jarā-vyādhi-duḥkha-doṣānudarśanam)..... ||13.8||

असक्तिरनभिष्वङ्गः पुत्रदारगृहादिषु
नित्यं च समचित्तत्वमिष्टानिष्टोपपत्तिषु ॥१३.९॥
asaktir-anabhiṣvaṅgaḥ putradāragṛhādiṣu |
nityaṃ ca samacittatvam-iṣṭāniṣṭopapattiṣu
||13.9||

putra-dāra-gṛhādiṣu asaktiḥ, anabhiṣvaṅgaḥ [39], ca iṣṭāniṣṭopapattiṣu nityaṃ sama-cittatvam[40] ....

… non-attachment/ absence of sense of ownership (asaktiḥ) and non-identification /absence of obsession (anabhiṣvaṅgaḥ) towards the child, spouse, house and the like (putra-dāra-gṛhādiṣu), and (ca) constant (nityam) evenness of the mind (sama-cittatvam) with reference to occurrence (upapattiḥ) of the what is desired and unwanted (iṣṭāniṣṭopapattiṣu)… ||13.9||

मयि चानन्ययोगेन भक्तिरव्यभिचारिणी
विविक्तदेशसेवित्वमरतिर्जनसंसदि [41]॥१३.१०॥
mayi cānanyayogena bhaktir-avyabhicāriṇī |
viviktadeśasevitvam-aratir-janasaṃsadi
||13.10||

mayi ananyayogena avyabhicāriṇī bhaktiḥ[42][43], ca viviktadeśa-sevitvaṃ, janasaṃsadi aratiḥ |

…and (ca) an unswerving (avyabhicāriṇī ) devotion (bhaktiḥ) in Me (mayi) that is not connected to anything else (ananya-yogena), the disposition of retiring to a quiet place (viviktadeśa-sevitvam), a distaste (aratiḥ) for people’s company (jana-saṃsadi)… ||13.10||

अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यत्वं तत्त्वज्ञानार्थदर्शनम्‌
एतज्ज्ञानमिति प्रोक्तमज्ञानं यदतोऽन्यथा ॥१३.११॥
adhyātmajñānanityatvaṃ tattvajñānārthadarśanam |
etaj[44]-jñānam-iti proktam-ajñānaṃ yad[45]ato’[46]nyathā
||13.11||

adhyātma-jñāna-nityatvaṃ, tattva-jñānārtha-darśanam: etat jñānam[47] iti proktam, ajñānaṃ[48] [49]yat[50] ataḥ anyathā |

..…always (dwelling upon) knowledge centred on the self (adhyātma-jñāna-nityatvam), keeping in view the purpose of knowledge of truth (tattva-jñānārtha-darśanam)…(all) this (etat) that was told (proktam) is the means (values) to knowledge (jñānam). What (yat) is the opposite (anyathā) to it (ataḥ) is ignorance (ajñānam). ||13.11||


(12th-17th - Ans to 6th question – Jñeyam)
ज्ञेयं यत्तत्प्रवक्ष्यामि यज्ज्ञात्वामृतमश्नुते
(Paradoxical presentation of the vastu starts)
अनादिमत्परं ब्रह्म न सत्तन्नासदुच्यते ॥१३.१२॥
jñeyaṃ yat tat pravakṣyāmi yaj[51]-jñātvāmṛtam-aśnute |
anādimat paraṃ brahma na sat-tan[52]-nāsad[53]-ucyate ||13.12||

yat jñeyaṃ[54],  yat jñātvā[55] amṛtam aśnute, tat[56] pra-vakṣyāmi | tat anādimat paraṃ brahma na sat ucyate[57], na asat[58] |[59]

I will tell you clearly (pra-vakṣyāmi), that (tat), which (yat) is to be known (jñeyam), knowing (jñātvā) which (yat), one gains (aśnute) immortality (amṛtam). That (tat) is said to be (ucyate) Brahman (brahma), which has no beginning (anādimat), is limitless (param), is neither (na) existent (as an object - sat), nor (na) non-existent (asat). ||13.12||

(Paradoxical Presentation - jñeyam - na-sat)
सर्वतः पाणिपादं तत्सर्वतोऽक्षिशिरोमुखम्‌
सर्वतः श्रुतिमल्लोके सर्वमावृत्य तिष्ठति ॥१३.१३॥
sarvataḥ pāṇipādaṃ tat sarvato'[60]kṣiśiromukham |
sarvataḥ śrutimal[61]loke sarvam-āvṛtya tiṣṭhati
||13.13||

tat sarvataḥ pāṇipādaṃ, sarvato'kṣi-śiro-mukham[62], sarvataḥ śrutimat, loke sarvam āvṛtya[63] tiṣṭhati |

That (tat - jñeyam Brahman) has hands and feet (pāṇi-pādam) everywhere (sarvataḥ), has eyes, heads/mouths (faces) everywhere (sarvato'kṣi-śiro-mukham), has ears (śrutimat) everywhere (sarvataḥ), and exists (tiṣṭhati) pervading (āvṛtya) everything (sarvam) in the universe (loke). ||13.13||


(jñeyam - na-asat
Again Paradox - Saguṇa yet Nirguṇa)
सर्वेन्द्रियगुणाभासं सर्वेन्द्रियविवर्जितम्‌
असक्तं सर्वभृच्चैव निर्गुणं गुणभोक्तृ च ॥१३.१४॥
sarvendriyaguṇābhāsaṃ sarvendriyavivarjitam |
asaktaṃ sarvabhṛc[64]-caiva nirguṇaṃ guṇabhoktṛ ca
||13.14||

(sarvendriya-guṇābhāsaṃ[65]), (ca sarvendriya-vivarjitam[66]),
(asaktaṃ[67] sarvabhṛt eva[68]), (nirguṇaṃ[69] ca guṇabhoktṛ[70]) |

That (jñeyam Brahman) appears as one with attributes of sense-organs (sarvendriya-guṇābhāsam), yet (ca) is free from all the sense organs (sarvendriya-vivarjitam), is unattached (asaktam), yet (eva) is the sustainer of all (sarva-bhṛt), is free from the (three) qualities (nirguṇam), yet (ca) is the experiencer of the (three) qualities (guṇa-bhoktṛ). ||13.14||

बहिरन्तश्च भूतानामचरं चरमेव च
सूक्ष्मत्वात्तदविज्ञेयं दूरस्थं चान्तिके च तत्‌ ॥१३.१५॥
bahir-antaś[71]-ca bhūtānām-acaraṃ caram-eva ca |
sūkṣmatvāt tad[72]-avijñeyaṃ dūrasthaṃ cāntike ca tat
||13.15||

bhūtānām (bahiḥ antaḥ ca), (ca acaraṃ caram eva), (ca tat sūkṣmatvāt avijñeyaṃ), (ca antike ca dūrasthaṃ tat) |

That jñeyaṃ Brahman (tat) is outside (bahiḥ) and (ca) inside (antaḥ) of the beings (bhūtānām), which does not move (acaram) and (ca) indeed (eva) what moves (caram). And (ca) because it is subtle (sūkṣmatvāt), that (tat) is not known (avijñeyaṃ), and (ca) is near (antike) as well as (ca) far (dūrasthaṃ) |||13.15||

अविभक्तं च भूतेषु विभक्तमिव च स्थितम्‌
भूतभर्तृ च तज्ज्ञेयं ग्रसिष्णु प्रभविष्णु च ॥१३.१६॥
avibhaktaṃ ca bhūteṣu vibhaktam-iva ca sthitam |
bhūtabhartṛ ca taj[73]-jñeyaṃ grasiṣṇu prabhaviṣṇu ca
||13.16||

avibhaktaṃ ca bhūteṣu, vibhaktam iva sthitam | ca tat jñeyaṃ bhūtabhartṛ ca, grasiṣṇu ca, prabhaviṣṇu |

That (tat) which is to be known (jñeyaṃ - Brahman) is undivided (avibhaktam), and (ca) remains (sthitam) seemingly (iva) divided (vibhaktam)  in the beings (bhūteṣu), and (ca) is the sustainer of the beings and elements (bhūtabhartṛ), and (ca) is the devourer (grasiṣṇu) and (ca) is the creator (prabhaviṣṇu). ||13.16||

ज्योतिषामपि तज्ज्योतिस्तमसः परमुच्यते
ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं ज्ञानगम्यं हृदि सर्वस्य विष्ठितम्‌ ॥१३.१७॥
jyotiṣām-api taj[74]-jyotis-tamasaḥ param-ucyate |
jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ jñānagamyaṃ hṛdi sarvasya viṣṭhitam
||13.17||

tat jyotiṣām api jyotiḥ, tamasaḥ param ucyate, jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ jñāna-gamyaṃ sarvasya hṛdi vi-ṣṭhitam |

That jñeyaṃ Brahman (tat), is also (api) the light (jyotiḥ) of lights (jyotiṣām) is said to be (ucyate) beyond (param) ignorance (tamasaḥ), is knowledge (jñānaṃ), has to be known (jñeyaṃ), which is arrived at by knowledge (jñāna-gamyaṃ), and is present (vi-ṣṭhitam) in the minds (hṛdi) of all (sarvasya). ||13.17||

इति क्षेत्रं तथा ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं चोक्तं समासतः।
मद्भक्त एतद्विज्ञाय मद्भावायोपपद्यते ॥१३.१८॥
iti kṣetraṃ tathā jñānaṃ jñeyaṃ coktaṃ samāsataḥ |
madbhakta etad[75] vijñāya madbhāvāyopapadyate
||13.18||

iti kṣetraṃ[76] tathā jñānaṃ[77] ca jñeyaṃ[78] samāsataḥ uktaṃ | madbhaktaḥ etat vijñāya[79] madbhāvāya[80] upa-padyate |

Thus (iti), the kṣetra (kṣetram) as well as (tathā) the (means of gaining) knowledge (jñānam), and (ca) what is to be known (jñeyam) have been told (uktam) in brief (samāsataḥ). My devotee (madbhaktaḥ), knowing this (etat) clearly (vijñāya) is eligible (upa-padyate) for gaining My state (mad-bhāvāya). ||13.18||

{Answer to 1st (prakṛtim) and 2nd question (puruṣam)}
प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव विद्‌ध्यनादी उभावपि
विकारांश्च गुणांश्चैव विद्धि प्रकृतिसम्भवान्‌ ॥१३.१९॥
prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva[81] viddhyanādi ubhāvapi[82] |
vikārāñ[83]ś-ca guṇāṃś[84]-caiva viddhi prakṛtisambhavān
||13.19||

prakṛtiṃ ca puruṣaṃ ubhau api anādi eva viddhi | ca vikārān ca guṇān api prakṛti-sambhavān[85] eva viddhi |

May you know (viddhi) that both (ubhau) Prakṛti (prakṛtim) as well as (ca) Puruṣa (puruṣam) also (api) are beginningless (anādi) indeed (eva). May you also (ca) know (viddhi) that the modifications (vikārān) and (ca) the qualities (guṇān) are indeed (eva) born of Prakṛti (prakṛti-sambhavān). ||13.19||

कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतुः प्रकृतिरुच्यते
पुरुषः सुखदुःखानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते ॥१३.२०॥
kārya-kāraṇa-kartṛtve hetuḥ prakṛtir-ucyate |
puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānāṃ bhoktṛtve hetur-ucyate
||13.20||

kārya[86]-kāraṇa[87]-kartṛtve hetuḥ prakṛtiḥ ucyate | puruṣaḥ[88] sukha-duḥkhānāṃ bhoktṛtve hetuḥ ucyate |

Prakṛti (prakṛtiḥ) is said to be (ucyate) the cause (hetuḥ) in the creation of the physical body (kārya) and instruments (kāraṇa) (kārya-kāraṇa-kartṛtve). Puruṣa (puruṣaḥ) is said to be (ucyate) the cause (hetuḥ) with reference to the state of being the experiencer (bhoktṛtve) of pleasure and pain (sukha-duḥkhānām). ||13.20||

पुरुषः प्रकृतिस्थो हि भुङ्‌क्ते प्रकृतिजान्गुणान्‌
कारणं गुणसङ्गोऽस्य सदसद्योनिजन्मसु ॥१३.२१॥
puruṣaḥ prakṛtistho[89] hi bhuṅkte prakṛtijān-guṇān |
kāraṇaṃ guṇasaṅgo’[90]sya sad-asad-yonijanmasu
| |13.21||

prakṛtisthaḥ hi puruṣaḥ prakṛtijān guṇān[91] bhuṅkte | guṇasaṅgaḥ asya sad[92]-asad[93]-yoni-janmasu[94] kāraṇam |

Since (hi) Puruṣa (puruṣaḥ - jīva) exists in Prakṛti (prakṛti-sthaḥ), (he) experiences (bhuṅkte) the attributes (guṇān) born of Prakṛti (prakṛtijān). His (asya) attachment to the attributes (guṇa-saṅgaḥ) is the cause (kāraṇam) for births in the higher/celestial (sat) and lower/animal (asat) wombs (sad-asad-yoni-janmasu). ||13.21||

उपद्रष्टानुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः।
परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः॥१३.२२॥
upadraṣṭānumantā ca bhartā bhoktā maheśvaraḥ |
paramātmeti cāpyukto[95] dehe’[96]smin puruṣaḥ paraḥ
||13.22||

asmin dehe[97] (sthitaḥ) api puruṣaḥ[98] paraḥ (eva)|  upadraṣṭā, ca anumantā, bhartā, bhoktā, maheśvaraḥ, ca paramātmā iti uktaḥ | 

The Being (puruṣaḥ) in this (asmin) body (dehe) is the Limitless (paraḥ). He is the ultimate seer (upa-draṣṭā), and (ca) the permitter (anumantā), the sustainer (bhartā), the experiencer (bhoktā), the Supreme Lord (maheśvaraḥ) and (ca) called (iti uktaḥ) the ‘limitless self’ (param-ātmā) also (api). ||13.22||

य एवं वेत्ति पुरुषं प्रकृतिं च गुणैः सह
सर्वथा वर्तमानोऽपि न स भूयोऽभिजायते ॥१३.२३॥
ya evaṃ vetti puruṣaṃ prakṛtiṃ ca guṇaiḥ saha |
sarvathā vartamāno’[99]pi na sa bhūyo’[100]bhijāyate
||13.23||

yaḥ puruṣaṃ, prakṛtiṃ ca guṇaiḥ[101] saha evaṃ vetti, saḥ[102] sarvathā vartamānaḥ api bhūyaḥ na abhi-jāyate|

The one (saḥ), who (yaḥ) knows (vetti) thus (evam), Puruṣa (puruṣam) and  (ca) Prakṛti (prakṛtim) along with (saha) its attributes (guṇaiḥ), even though (api) engaged (vartamānaḥ) in all ways (sarvathā), is not (na) born again (abhi-jāyate). ||13.23||

{Dhyāna (Yoga), Jñāna and Karmayoga}
ध्यानेनात्मनि पश्यन्ति केचिदात्मानमात्मना
अन्ये साङ्ख्येन योगेन कर्मयोगेन चापरे ॥१३.२४॥
dhyānenātmani paśyanti kecid[103] ātmānam-ātmanā |
anye sāṃkhyena yogena karmayogena cāpare
||13.24||

kecit dhyānena[104] ātmanā[105] ātmānam ātmani[106] paśyanti | anye sāṃkhyena[107], yogena[108] ca, karma-yogena[109] apare |

Some (kecit) see (paśyanti) the self (ātmānam) by contemplation (dhyānena) by the mind (ātmanā - the prepared mind) in the self (ātmani), others (anye) by enquiry (sāṃkhyena), and (ca) by yoga (yogena), some others (apare) by karmayoga (karma-yogena). ||13.24||

(manda-adhikāri)
अन्ये त्वेवमजानन्तः श्रुत्वान्येभ्य उपासते
तेऽपि चातितरन्त्येव मृत्युं श्रुतिपरायणाः॥१३.२५॥
anye tvevam-ajānantaḥ śrutvānyebhya upāsate |
te’[110]pi cātitarantyeva mṛtyuṃ śrutiparāyaṇāḥ
||13.25||

tu anye evam ajānantaḥ anyebhyaḥ śrutvā[111] upāsate | ca te śruti-parāyaṇāḥ api mṛtyum ati-taranti[112] eva |

Yet (tu), others (anye), not knowing (ajānantaḥ) in this manner (evam), having heard (śrutvā) from others (anyebhyaḥ - their teachers) follow (upāsate - that). And (ca) being committed to what they have heard (śruti-parāyaṇāḥ), indeed (eva), they (te) also (api) cross (ati-taranti) death (mṛtyum). ||13.25||

यावत्सञ्जायते किञ्चित्सत्त्वं स्थावरजङ्गमम्‌
क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञसंयोगात्तद्विद्धि भरतर्षभ ॥१३.२६॥
yāvat sañjāyate kiñcit sattvaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamam |
kṣetra-kṣetrajña-saṃyogāt-tad[113] viddhi bharatarṣabha!
||13.26||

bharatarṣabha! yāvat kiñcit sthāvara-jaṅgamam sattvaṃ sañjāyate, tat[114] kṣetra-kṣetrajña-saṃyogāt viddhi |

O, the foremost in the clan of Bharata (bharatarṣabha!)! May you know (viddhi) that as long as (yāvat) any (kiñcit) existent thing (sattvam) - moving or nonmoving (sthāvara-jaṅgamam) - is born (sañjāyate), that (tat) is because of the union between the kṣetra and kṣetrajña (kṣetra-kṣetrajña-saṃyogāt). ||13.26||

समं सर्वेषु भूतेषु तिष्ठन्तं परमेश्वरम्‌
विनश्यत्स्वविनश्यन्तं यः पश्यति स पश्यति ॥१३.२७॥
samaṃ sarveṣu bhūteṣu tiṣṭhantaṃ parameśvaram |
vinaśyatsvavinaśyantaṃ yaḥ paśyati sa paśyati[115]
||13.27||

yaḥ vinaśyatsu[116] sarveṣu bhūteṣu[117] [118] parameśvaram avinaśyantaṃ[119] samaṃ tiṣṭhantaṃ paśyati, saḥ[120] paśyati |

The one (saḥ), who (yaḥ) sees (paśyati) the Lord (parameśvaram) existing as the same (samam) in all (sarveṣu) beings (bhūteṣu), as the deathless (avinaśyantam) in the dying (vinaśyatsu), he alone sees (paśyati). ||13.27||

समं पश्यन्हि सर्वत्र समवस्थितमीश्वरम्‌
न हिनस्त्यात्मनात्मानं ततो याति परां गतिम्‌ ॥१३.२८॥
samaṃ paśyan hi sarvatra samavasthitam-īśvaram |
na hinastyātmanātmānaṃ tato[121] yāti parāṃ gatim
||13.28||

hi sarvatra sam-avasthitam īśvaraṃ samaṃ paśyan[122], ātmanā ātmānaṃ[123] na hinasti,  tataḥ parāṃ gatim[124] yāti |

Because of (hi) seeing (paśyan) the Lord (īśvaram) as the same (samam), who exists in the same form (sam-avasthitam) everywhere (sarvatra), he does not (na) destroy (hinasti) himself (ātmānam) by himself (ātmanā). Thus (tataḥ), he reaches (yāti) the ultimate (parām) end (gatim). ||13.28||

प्रकृत्यैव च कर्माणि क्रियमाणानि सर्वशः।
यः पश्यति तथात्मानमकर्तारं स पश्यति ॥१३. २९॥
prakṛtyaiva ca karmāṇi kriyamāṇāni sarvaśaḥ |
yaḥ paśyati tathātmānam-akartāraṃ sa paśyati
||13.29||

ca yaḥ sarvaśaḥ prakṛtyā eva kriyamāṇāni karmāṇi[125] paśyati, tathā ātmānam akartāraṃ saḥ[126] paśyati[127]|

He (saḥ), who (yaḥ) sees (paśyati) that actions (karmāṇi) are being performed (kriyamāṇāni) in all ways (sarvaśaḥ) by prakṛti (prakṛtyā) indeed (eva), therefore (tathā ) sees (paśyati) the self (ātmānam) as a non-doer (akartāram). ||13.29||

यदा भूतपृथग्भावमेकस्थमनुपश्यति
तत एव च विस्तारं ब्रह्म सम्पद्यते तदा ॥१३.३०॥
yadā bhūtapṛthagbhāvam-ekastham-anupaśyati |
tata eva ca vistāraṃ brahma sampadyate tadā
||13.30.

yadā bhūta-pṛthag[128]-bhāvam ekasthaṃ, ca tataḥ eva vistāram anu-paśyati, tadā brahma sam-padyate |

When (yadā) one sees clearly (anu-paśyati), the condition of distinction in the beings (bhūta-pṛthag-bhāvam), as having its existence in one (ekastham), and (ca) from that Brahman (tataḥ) alone (ca eva) is its projection/distinctions (vistāram), then (tadā) he gains (sam-padyate) Brahman (brahma). ||13.30||


अनादित्वान्निर्गुणत्वात्परमात्मायमव्ययः।
शरीरस्थोऽपि कौन्तेय न करोति न लिप्यते ॥१३.३१॥
anāditvān[129]-nirguṇatvāt paramātmāyam-avyayaḥ |
śarīrastho’[130]pi kaunteya! na karoti na lipyate
||13.31||

kaunteya! ayam avyayaḥ paramātmā[131] anāditvāt nirguṇatvāt[132] śarīrasthaḥ api, na karoti na lipyate[133]|

O, Son of Kunti (kaunteya!)! This (ayam) imperishable (avyayaḥ) limitless self (param-ātmā), being beginningless (anāditvāt), attributeless (nirguṇatvāt), although (api) abiding in the body (śarīrasthaḥ), does not (na) perform any action (karoti), is not (na) affected (lipyate) by the results of actions. ||13.31||

{Example of the air from Kaṭhopaniṣad (here the space)}
यथा सर्वगतं सौक्ष्म्यादाकाशं नोपलिप्यते
सर्वत्रावस्थितो देहे तथात्मा नोपलिप्यते ॥१३.३२॥
yathā sarvagataṃ saukṣmyād[134]-ākāśaṃ nopalipyate |
sarvatrāvasthito[135] dehe tathātmā nopalipyate
[136]||13.32||

yathā sarvagatam ākāśaṃ[137] saukṣmyāt[138] na upa-lipyate[139], tathā[140] dehe sarvatra avasthitaḥ ātmā na upa-lipyate[141]|

Just as (yathā) the all-pervasive (sarva-gatam) space (ākāśam), because of its subtlety (saukṣmyāt) is not (na) affected (upa-lipyate), similarly (tathā), the self (ātmā) abiding (avasthitaḥ) in the whole (sarvatra) body (dehe) is not (na) affected (upa-lipyate)| ||13.32||

(Example of the sun from Kaṭhopaniṣad)
यथा प्रकाशयत्येकः कृत्स्नं लोकमिमं रविः।
क्षेत्रं क्षेत्री तथा कृत्स्नं प्रकाशयति भारत ॥१३.३३॥
yathā prakāśayatyekaḥ kṛtsnaṃ lokam-imaṃ raviḥ |
kṣetraṃ kṣetrī tathā kṛtsnaṃ prakāśayati bhārata!
[142]||13.33.

bhārata! yathā ekaḥ raviḥ[143]  imaṃ kṛtsnaṃ lokaṃ[144] prakāśayati[145], tathā[146] kṣetrī[147] kṛtsnaṃ kṣetraṃ[148] prakāśayati[149] |

O, Descendant of Bharata (bhārata!)! Just as (yathā) one (ekaḥ) sun (raviḥ) illumines (prakāśayati) this entire (kṛtsnam) world (lokam), similarly (tathā), the one who obtains in the body (kṣetrī) illumines (prakāśayati) the entire (kṛtsnam) body (kṣetram). ||13.33||

क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञयोरेवमन्तरं ज्ञानचक्षुषा ।
भूतप्रकृतिमोक्षं च ये विदुर्यान्ति ते परम्‌ ॥१३.३४॥
kṣetra-kṣetrajñayor-evam-antaraṃ jñānacakṣuṣā |
bhūtaprakṛtimokṣaṃ ca ye vidur-yānti te param ||
13.34||

evaṃ kṣetra-kṣetrajñayoḥ antaraṃ[150] ca bhūtaprakṛti-mokṣaṃ ye jñāna-cakṣuṣā viduḥ, te[151] paraṃ yānti |

Those (te), who (ye) in this manner (evam) know (viduḥ) the distinction (antaram) between the physical body (kṣetra) and the knower of the body (kṣetrajña) through the eyes of wisdom (jñāna-cakṣuṣā), and know the freedom from Prakṛti (bhūta-prakṛti-mokṣam), the cause of the beings[152], they go (yānti) to the ultimate end (param). ||13.34||
                                                          
***
ॐ तत्सदिति श्रीमद्भगवद्गीतासूपनिषत्सु ब्रह्मविद्यायां योगशास्त्रे
श्रीकृष्णार्जुनसंवादे क्षेत्रक्षेत्रज्ञविभागयोगो नाम त्रयोदशोऽध्यायः॥१३॥
oṃ tat sat
iti śrīmad-bhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṃ yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjuna-saṃvāde kṣetra-kṣetrajña-vibhāga-yogo nāma trayodaśo’dhyāyaḥ (13)
 ***
Om, That (tat) is the only reality (sat).
Thus concludes the thirteenth chapter titled Kṣetra-Kṣetrajña-Vibhāga-yogaḥ (Topic of the known and the knower), in the Bhagavadgītā, which is the essence of the Upaniṣads, whose subject matter is both knowledge of Brahman and Yoga, which is in the form of a dialogue between Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna.

***



[1] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
  + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[2] प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव - repeated in Ch13.19
[3] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[4] This śloka is not there in many texts.
[5] prakṛtiṃ puruṣam relate to kṣetraṃ kṣetrajñam
[6] jñānaṃ jñeyam - another category
[7] veditum - samāna-kartkeṣu tumun - Aṣ 3.3.158 (icchārtheṣu, dhāto, pratyaya,                  paraśca)
[8] idam - the same idam as in Īśāvāsya and Chāndogya
   ईशा वास्यमिदं सर्वं यत्किञ्च जगत्यां जगत् - ईशोपनिषत् 1
   सदेव सोम्येदमग्र आसीत्। -छान्दोग्योपनिषत्  6.2.1
[9] इदमस्तु स्यात् सन्निकृष्टे, समीपतरवर्ति चैतदो रूपम्
  अदसस्तु विप्रकृष्टे, तदिति परोक्षे विजानीयात्
[10] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[11] haśi ca - A6.1.114 (ataḥ, roḥ, ut, saṃhitāyām)
[12] idaṃ (dp) śarīram (noun)
[13] kṣetrajñaḥ (1.1) should have been kṣetrajñam (2.1). But kṣetrajñaḥ because of iti.
[14] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[15] tvam-pada
[16] tat-pada
[17] kṣetrajñaṃ cāpi māṃ - Mahāvākya - Sāmānādhikarayam
[18] tat (co-relative) yat (relative)
[19] mama (6.1) - mati-buddhi-pūjārthebhyaś-ca - A3.2.188 (ktaḥ, vartamāne, dhāto,                pratyaya, paraśca)
[20] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[21] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[22] haśi ca - A6.1.114 (ataḥ, roḥ, ut, saṃhitāyām)
[23] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[24] tat (co-relative) yat (relative)
[25] tat (co-relative) yat (relative)
[26] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[27] gītam (verb) = is sung
[28] vividhaiḥ (adj) chandobhiḥ (noun)
[29] vi-niścitaiḥ (adj) hetumadbhiḥ (adj) brahmasūtra-padaiḥ (noun). Brahmasūtra here does        not mean the  famous text - Telang
[30] haśi ca - A6.1.114 (ataḥ, roḥ, ut, saṃhitāyām)
[31] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[32] Looks like 25 principles of Sāṃkhya - 1 Avyaktam, 1 Buddhi (Mahat?),  1 Ahaṅkāraḥ,
      5 Mahābhūtas,  10 Indriyas, 1 Mind, 5 Indriya-gocaraḥ = 24 (the sequence is not                    maintained for pāda-pūraṇam)
[33] Looks like Vaiśeṣika categories (considered as inherent attributes of Ātmā, are actually
      attributes of the  kṣetraṃ, not of the kṣetrajñaḥ, which is Ātmā) - rūpa, rasa, gandha,            sparśa, saṃkhyā, parimāṇa, pṛthaktva, saṃyoga, vibhāga, paratva, aparatva, buddhi,          sukha, duḥkha, icchā, dveṣa, prayatna,  gurutva, dravatva, sneha, saṃskāra, adṛṣṭa-            dharma, adharma and śabda.
[34] cetanā - cognition, not consciousness
[35] Values/attitudes wrt to one’s own self starts.
[36] amānitvam  - not like Satyajit Ray
[37] adambhitvam - not like Anurag Kashyap
[38] anahaṅkāraḥ (na ahaṅkāraḥ) - Nañ Tatpuruaḥ  -  (nañ- A 2.2.6, (tatpuruaḥ, vibhāā,        sup, saha  supā, samāsaḥ), + na lopo nañaḥ- A - 6.3.73)
[39] anabhiṣvaṅgaḥ (na abhiṣvaṅgaḥ) - Nañ Tatpuruaḥ -  (nañ- A 2.2.6 tatpuruaḥ,                    vibhāā, sup, saha  supā, samāsaḥ), +, na lopo nañaḥ- A - 6.3.73)
[40] nityam (adj) sama-cittatvam (noun)
[41] विविक्तसेवी लघ्वाशी यतवाक्कायमानसः। - Ch18.52
   विविक्तदेशसेवित्वमरतिर्जनसंसदि ॥ - Ch13.10.
[42] avyabhicāriṇī (adj) bhaktiḥ (noun)
[43]  na vyabhicāriṇī - avyabhicāriṇī - Nañ Tatpuruaḥ  -  nañ - A 2.2.6, (tatpuruaḥ,                     vibhāā, sup,saha  supā, samāsaḥ), + na lopo nañaḥ - A  6.3.73)
[44] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[45] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[46] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
      + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[47] jñānam here means values, not knowledge - jñāyate anena iti - karaṇe lyuṭ.
[48] ajñānaṃ - mānitvam, dambhitvam, hiṃsā, a-kṣāntiḥ, nārjavam, na-ācāryopāsanam,              aśaucaṃ, asthairyam, ātma-na-nigrahaḥ
[49] ajñānaṃ - na jñānaṃ - Nañ Tatpuruaḥ  -  nañ- A 2.2.6, (tatpuruaḥ, vibhāā, sup,              saha supā, samāsaḥ), + na lopo nañaḥ - A  6.3.73)
[50] etat (relative) yat (co-relative)
[51] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[52] tat-nāsad -  tan-nāsad - yaro'nunāsike'nunāsiko vā - A 8.4.45 (sahitāyām)
[53] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[54] jñeyam is always tat-pada
[55] jñātvā - samāna-kartkayo pūrvakāle - A 3.4.21 (ktvā, dhāto, pratyaya, paraśca)
[56] yat (relative) yat (relative) tat (co-relative)
[57] That is neither sat nor asat.
[58] Earlier, sat and asat meant cause and effect respectively.
[59] na sat tat na asat ucyate - tātparyā śakti. When the intent of the speaker is not working           through abhidhā or lakaṇā or vyañjanā, then it is tātparyā śakti. Here the objective is to    present the jñeyam as independent of any cause (karaṇa-nirapeka)
[60] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
      + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[61] śrutimat-loke - śrutimal-loke - tor'li - A 8.4.60  (para-savarṇa, sahitāyām)
[62] सर्वतः पाणिपादं तत्सर्वतोऽक्षिशिरोमुखम्- Ch 13.13
   स॒हस्र॑शीर्षा॒ पुरु॑षः स॒ह॒स्रा॒क्षः स॒हस्र॑पात् - पुरुषसूक्तम्  1
[63] āvṛtya - samāse'nañ-pūrve ktvo lyap - A7.1.37 (agasya)
[64] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[65] sarvendriya-guṇābhāsaṃ - Saguṇa Nirākāra
[66] sarvendriya-vivarjitam - Nirguṇa Nirākāra
[67] asaktam - Nirguṇa Nirākāra
[68] sarvabhṛt eva - Saguṇa Sākāra
[69] nirguṇam (nirguam means devoid of any characteristics)
[70] guabhoktr - Saguṇa Sākāra
[71] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[72] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[73] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[74] stoḥ ścunā ścuḥ - A8.4.40 (saṃhitāyām)
[75] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[76] kṣetram - in ślokas 5th-6th
[77] jñānam - in ślokas 7th - 11th
[78] jñeyam - in ślokas 12th -17th
[79] vijñāya - samāse'nañ-pūrve ktvo lyap - A7.1.37 (agasya)
[80] madbhāvāya - 4th case
[81] प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव - Arjuna's Q.  प्रकृतिं पुरुषं चैव - Ch 13.19
[82] ubhau+api - eco'yavāyāvaḥ - A6.1.78 (aci, sahitāym)
[83] vikārāñś-ca - naśchavyapraśān - A 8.3.7 (ampare, ru, padasya, saṃhitāyām)
[84] guṇāṃś-caiva - naśchavyapraśān - A 8.3.7 (ampare, ru, padasya, saṃhitāyām)
[85] prakṛti-sambhavān - Sāṃkhya theory
[86] kārya (10) - ākāśa, vāyu, agnih, āpah, pṛthivi, śabda, sparśa, rūpa, rasa, gandhaḥ
[87] kāraṇa (13) - buddhiḥ, ahaṅkāraḥ, manaḥ, srotra, tvak, rasanā, netra, ghrāṇa, vāk,                hasta, pāda, upasthā, gudā.
[88] puruṣaḥ - here means the jīva
[89] haśi ca - A6.1.114 (ataḥ, roḥ, ut, saṃhitāyām)
[90] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
      + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[91] prakṛtijān (adj) guṇān (noun)
[92] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[93] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[94] sadyoni, asadyoni  - means higher (celestial) and lower (animals and plants) births here
      respectively.
[95] haśi ca - A6.1.114 (ataḥ, roḥ, ut, saṃhitāyām)
[96] eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[97] asmin (dp) dehe (noun)
[98] puruṣaḥ - Samkhya?
[99] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
      + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[100] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
      + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[101] sattva, rajas, tamas
[102] yaḥ (relative) saḥ (co-relative)
[103] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[104] dhyānena - elaborated in Ch 6.11-32
[105] ātmanā ātmānam ātmani - It’s a popular phrase use in the Bhāgavatam also.  See the          self through the mind.
[106] ātmanā ātmānam ātmani - means nididhyāsana
[107] sāṃkhyena - elaborated in Ch 2.11-30.Sāṃkhya - here jñānena by a Jñānī/Sannyāsī
[108] yogena - elaborated in Ch 2.40-72. Clear reference to Yoga
[109] Specific reference to Karmayoga - by Karmayoga
[110] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
      + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[111] śrutvā - samāna-kartkayo pūrvakāle - A 3.4.21 (ktvā, dhāto, pratyaya, paraśca)
[112] mṛtyum ati-taranti - By their commitment alone they cross death???
[113] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[114] yāvat (relative) tat (co-relative)
[115] yaḥ paśyati sa paśyati - much quoted
[116] vinaśyatsu - yasya ca bhāvena bhāva-lakṣaṇam A2.3.37 (saptamī)
[117] vinaśyatsu (adj) sarveṣu (adj) bhūteṣu (noun)
[118] sarveṣu bhūteṣu - abhivyāpaka ādhāra saptamī  - saptamyadhikaraṇe ca - A. 2.3.36
       (dūrantikārthebhyaḥ, anabhihite)
[119] sarveṣu bhūteṣu vinaśyatsu, avinaśyantaṃ parameśvaram - Virodhābhāa alaṅkāra
       (Arthālaṅkāra).  When a conflict (virodha) in the meaning appears (ābhāa), which is              not a  conflict (virodhābhāa) at all. The one who is not destroyed (indestructible)                  when all beings (physical bodies) are destroyed.  यः सर्वेषु भूतेषु नश्यत्सु, विनश्यति ॥      - Ch 8.20.
[120] yaḥ (relative) saḥ (co-relative)
[121] haśi ca - A6.1.114 (ataḥ, roḥ, ut, saṃhitāyām)
[122] paśyan - lakṣaṇa-hetvo kriyāyā - A  3.2.126 (laaḥ, śat-śānacau, dhātoḥ, vartamāne,
         pratyaya, paraśca)
[123] ātmanā ātmānam - Typical usage
[124] tato yāti parāṃ (adj) gatim (noun) - oft quoted
[125] prakṛtyā eva kriyamāṇāni karmāṇi (1st case karma being uktam) prakṛtyā (3rd case             karta being  anuktam)
[126] yaḥ (relative) saḥ (co-relative)
[127] Again - यः पश्यति पश्यति
[128] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte - A8.2.39 (padasya)
[129] anāditvāt-nirguṇatvāt anāditvān-nirguṇatvāt - yaro'nunāsike'nunāsiko vā - A 8.4.45
        (sahitāyām)
[130] ato ror-aplutād-aplute - A6.1.113 (ut, ati, sahitāyām) 
       + eṅaḥ padāntāt ati - A6.1.109 (pūrva, eka pūrvaparayoḥ, sahitāyām)
[131] ayam (dp) avyayaḥ (adj) paramātmā (noun)                    
[132] anāditvāt nirguṇatvāt - I cannot see the logic
[133] na lipyate
[134] jhalāṃ jaśo'nte -  A8.2.39 (padasya)
[135] haśi ca - A6.1.114 (ataḥ, roḥ, ut, saṃhitāyām)
[136] वायुर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो, रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव
    एकस्तथा सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा, रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बहिश्च - कठोपनिषत् 2.2.10
[137] sarvagatam (lakṣaṇa) ākāśam (noun)
[138] saukṣmyāt - akartaryṛurṇe pañcamī A2.3.24 (hetau)
[139] 1st nopalipyate
[140] Simile - yathā (relative) tathā (co-relative) - Dṛṣṭānta alaṅkāra (Arthālaṅkāra)
[141] 2nd nopalipyate
[142] सूर्यो यथा सर्वलोकस्य चक्षुः, लिप्यते चाक्षुषैर्बाह्यदोषैः
    एकस्तथा सर्वभूतान्तरात्मा, न लिप्यते लोकदुःखेन बाह्यः - कठोपनिषत् 2.2.11
[143] ekaḥ (adj) raviḥ (noun)
[144] imam (dp) kṛtsnam (adj) lokam (noun)
[145] prakāśayati
[146] Simile - yathā (relative) tathā (co-relative) - Dṛṣṭānta alaṅkāra (Arthālaṅkāra)
[147] kṣetrī = kṣetrajñaḥ
[148] kṛtsnam (adj) kṣetram (noun)
[149] prakāśayati repeated.
[150] antaram - kṣetra is inert, subject to modification, transient, and subject to destruction.
        Kṣetrajña is consciousness, unchangable, eternal, and indestructible.
[151] ye (relative) te (co-relative)
[152] But, Prakṛti is not the cause of beings!

Srimad BhagavadGita Chapter - 10

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